Geert Hofstede's model
dimensions
- Power Distance
- Individual and Collective
- Masculinity
- uncertainty avoidance
- long & short term orientation
- indulgence
Power Distance¶
- small power distance e.g. Sweden, call teacher by first name, no hierarchy
- high power distance, e.g. China, teacher has lots of respect, strong hierarchy
Individual and Collective
- individualism: how much you look out for yourself
- direct feedback is appreciated
- collectivist: look out for each other
- direct feedback is frowned on
Masculinity¶
traditional gender & emotional roles
masculine country
girls cheer for boys
a double standard, 1 that applies to men, 1 for women
a feminine country is a more balanced
girl cheer for girls, boy cheers for boys
a single standard for both men and women
Uncertainty avoidance¶
high uncertainty avoidance
- conservative investment
- ads are based on experts
low uncertainty avoidance
- family live is fun
- risky investments
- ads contain more humor
long term orientation¶
if A is true, B can also be true.
save for tomorrow
live with inlaws
short term orientation
more respect for tradition
spend today
us & them in the workplace
don’t live with in-laws
Indulgence¶
immediate gratification
- loose
- smile
- important leisure time
restraint, regulated
- strict
- don’t smile
- more importance on work time